![]() ![]() : Atrial flutter typically involves a circuit in the right atrium From: Cox D, Dougall H. : Atrial fibrillation From the collection of Dr K.C. ![]() : Typical atrial flutter with variable (3 to 4:1) block From the collection of Dr K.C. Incisional reentrant atrial tachycardia is macroreentry around a surgical incision. 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS guideline for the management of adult patients with supraventricular tachycardia. The atrial rate in true atypical atrial flutter is usually more rapid (340-440 cycles per minute) than that of typical atrial flutter, and the direction of rotation may be clockwise or counterclockwise. International consensus on nomenclature and classification of atrial fibrillation a collaborative project of the Working Group on Arrhythmias and the Working Group on Cardiac Pacing of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. A classification of atrial flutter and regular atrial tachycardia according to electrophysiological mechanisms and anatomical bases a statement from a joint expert group from the Working Group of Arrhythmias of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. This rhythm is closely related to atrial fibrillation. Saoudi N, Cosío F, Waldo A, et al. ACC/AHA/Physician Consortium 2008 clinical performance measures for adults with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. Estes NA 3rd, Halperin JL, Calkins H, et al American College of Cardiology American Heart Association Task Force on Performance Measures Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement. Characteristic features on ECG are negatively directed saw-tooth atrial deflections (f waves) seen in leads II, III, and aVF, with positively directed deflections in lead V1. The term counterclockwise refers to the direction of activation when the tricuspid annulus is viewed en face, whereby activation occurs up the septum, down the right atrial free wall in a counterclockwise fashion. The typical form depends on the so-called cavotricuspid isthmus for part of the circuit: tricuspid annulus as the anterior boundary and the crista terminalis/eustachian ridge as the posterior boundary, as well as the endocardial cavity of the right atrium. It results from organized electrical activity in which large areas of the atrium take part in the reentrant circuit. Typical atrial flutter (counterclockwise cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter) is a macroreentrant atrial tachycardia with atrial rates usually above 250 bpm up to 320 bpm.
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